This dataset contains data for comprehensive monitoring in the small watershed of Sumu Jaran in the Badain Jaran Desert from 2012 to 2013. The small watershed of Sumu Jaran is composed of two lakes, namely North Lake and South Lake of Sumu Jaran. The latitude and longitude range is: 39° 46' 18.24" to 39° 49' 17.25" north latitude, 102° 23' 40.53 " to 102° 26' 59.27" east longitude. The observation instruments are mainly arranged around the South Lake of Sumu Jaran, including scintillator (BLS450), automatic weather station (net radiation, rainfall, wind speed, wind direction, air humidity, pressure, E601 type evaporation dish), soil monitoring station (soil temperature, water content and tension pF-meter) and one groundwater monitoring hole. The data released this time are the monitoring results from September 2012 to December 2013. Post-monitoring data will be released in version 2.0. For the layout, coordinates, and type of the instrument, see the layout of the small watershed monitoring system.pdf, coordinates of the monitoring point.xls, and location and equipment of the monitoring point.tif.
HU Xiaonong, WANG Xusheng
It mainly includes the field soil moisture, groundwater level, soil physical properties, temperature, flux, plant growth, soil nutrients, trunk stem flow, farmland microclimate, soil profile water content and other observation data.
SHAO Mingan
Soil heat flux is an important part of surface energy balance, and it is the basis of energy balance analysis. In 2011-2013, hfp01 was installed at 5cm and 10cm of Tamarix community in the lower reaches of Heihe River to measure soil heat flux, with the frequency of 0.5h.
SI Jianhua
At the same time with the observation of soil moisture content, the project measures the soil temperature data of Tamarix Tamarix forest in the lower reaches of Heihe River from 2011 to 2012, with a depth of 10, 30, 50, 80, 140cm and a frequency of 0.5h. The measuring instrument is 109ss produced by Campell company of the United States.
SI Jianhua
Soil water content is the key factor affecting the transpiration water consumption of plants in desert riparian forest. In this project, the typical plant communities in the lower reaches of Heihe River are selected, with coordinates of 42 ° 02 ′ 00.07 ″ N and 101 ° 02 ′ 59.41 ″ E. through continuous measurement of soil water data in 2010-2012, the observation instrument is environscan (Australia, ICT), with observation depth of 10, 30, 50, 80 and 140cm, and observation frequency of 0.5h Understanding the mechanism of environmental regulation of transpiration water consumption of desert riparian forest in the lower reaches of Heihe River provides basic data support.
SI Jianhua
1. Data overview: The sampling time of this data is from May 9, 2013 to March 29, 2014.The sampling frequency is once a week. The sampling point of the river is located at the outlet weir of the small haugou watershed in the upper reaches of the heihe river, with the latitude and longitude of 99 ° 52 '47.7 "E and 38 ° 16' 11" N. The sampling location of soil water is 300m above the no. 2 meteorological station, and the lower soil profile is 99°53 '31.333 "E,38°13' 50.637" N in longitude and latitude. 2. Data content: This data set contains the anion and anion values of the river at the outlet of the basin and the soil water at 300m above the no. 2 weather station. Data acquisition means - anion values were determined by Swiss wantong model 761/813 ion chromatograph.Cation is to use the model to the United States thermoelectric IRIS Intrepid Ⅱ XSPICP - AES determination.
SUN Ziyong, CHANG Qixin
In the middle of July and August 2012, mass photosynthesis was determined and the plant species was caragana korshinskii. The mass photosynthesis measurement system is composed of li-8100 closed-circuit automatic soil carbon flux measurement system (li-cor, USA) and an assimilation box designed and manufactured by Beijing liaotai technology co., LTD. Li-8100 is an instrument for soil carbon flux measurement produced by li-cor, USA, which USES an infrared gas analyzer to measure CO2 and H2O concentrations.The length, width and height of the assimilation box are all 50cm.The assimilation box is controlled by li-8100, and the instrument can operate automatically after the measurement parameters are set. The photosynthetic rate of population was calculated according to the following formula: CAP (Canopy growth Rate) is the Photosynthetic Rate of the population (mol CO2•m -- 2•s -- 1).A is the total leaf area (m2) of the plant canopy;VA is the total volume (m3) of the population photosynthesis measurement system, which is the product of the height of the assimilation box from the ground (the distance between the upper edge and the inner ground after the special base is placed), the soil area (0.25 m2) and the sum of the volume of the assimilation box (0.125 m3).Is the change rate of CO2 measured by assimilation chamber (mol CO2•mol -- 1•s -- 1) in the process of population photosynthesis measurement;Is the CO2 change rate (mol CO2•mol -- 1•s -- 1) measured in a 20 cm measuring chamber during the soil respiration measurement process;P is atmospheric pressure (Pa), T is the air temperature in the assimilation chamber (℃), and R is the gas constant (8.314 Pa•m3•mol-1• k-1).N is the conversion coefficient, which means the change rate of CO2 caused by soil respiration in the soil area (SA) covered by the assimilation box and in the total volume (VA) of the population photosynthesis measurement system is converted from the measurement in the 20cm measurement chamber, and calculated according to the following formula: SA is assimilation box cover soil area, 0.25 m2, SC is 20 cm soil area of the measuring chamber cover (0.03 m2), VC is plant roots and soil respiration measurement system of the total volume (m3), to 20 cm measurement chamber high from the ground (after ring on measuring the soil in place along with the internal distance) on the ground and soil area is the product of the (SC) and 20 cm measurement chamber volume (4.82 x 10-3 m3) combined.
SU Peixi
In the transition zone from Heihe River to desert oasis in Pingchuan oasis of Linze, soil texture, bulk density, field capacity, saturated capacity, soil organic matter, total nitrogen and inorganic carbon content of 118 plots were studied. PH value, conductivity, total carbon, SiC, C / N were monitored to determine the physical and chemical properties of 0-20cm arable soil, and the soil particle composition of 0-20cm and 20-80cm soil layers.
SU Yongzhong
The data include different observation data of Sunan, Gansu Province: 1) The soil properties of grassland under different management measures, soil compactness, water permeability and soil moisture content of 4-5 grazing intensity grassland; 2) The observation data of soil compactness, permeability and water content of different grazing management measures; 3) Correlation analysis data of grassland community characteristic productivity and soil moisture; 4) Correlation analysis data of height, coverage, biomass, flower shape, tiller and leaf characters of main plants with soil water content;
ZHAO Chengzhang
This data set comprises the plateau soil moisture and soil temperature observational data based on the Tibetan Plateau, and it is used to quantify the uncertainty of model products of coarse-resolution satellites, soil moisture and soil temperature. The observation data of soil temperature and moisture on the Tibetan Plateau (Tibet-Obs) are from in situ reference networks at four regional scales, which are the Nagqu network of cold and semiarid climate, the Maqu network of cold and humid climate, and the Ali network of cold and arid climate，and Pali network. These networks provided representative coverage of different climates and surface hydrometeorological conditions on the Tibetan Plateau. - Temporal resolution: 1hour - Spatial resolution: point measurement - Measurement accuracy: soil moisture, 0.00001; soil temperature, 0.1 °C; data set size: soil moisture and temperature measurements at nominal depths of 5, 10, 20, 40 - Unit: soil moisture, cm ^ 3 cm ^ -3; soil temperature, °C
BOB Su, YANG Kun
The aerosol optical thickness data of the Arctic Alaska station is based on the observation data products of the atmospheric radiation observation plan of the U.S. Department of energy at the Arctic Alaska station. The data coverage time is updated from 2017 to 2019, with the time resolution of hour by hour. The coverage site is the northern Alaska station, with the longitude and latitude coordinates of (71 ° 19 ′ 22.8 ″ n, 156 ° 36 ′ 32.4 ″ w). The source of the observed data is retrieved from the radiation data observed by mfrsr instrument. The characteristic variable is aerosol optical thickness, and the error range of the observed inversion is about 15%. The data format is NC format. The aerosol optical thickness data of Qomolangma station and Namuco station in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau is based on the observation data products of Qomolangma station and Namuco station from the atmospheric radiation view of the Institute of Qinghai Tibet Plateau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The data coverage time is from 2017 to 2019, the time resolution is hour by hour, the coverage sites are Qomolangma station and Namuco station, the longitude and latitude coordinates are (Qomolangma station: 28.365n, 86.948e, Namuco station Mucuo station: 30.7725n, 90.9626e). The source of the observed data is retrieved from the radiation data observed by mfrsr instrument. The characteristic variable is aerosol optical thickness, and the error range of the observed inversion is about 15%. The data format is TXT.
WANG Xufeng, KANG Jian, Li Dazhi, Wang Zuocheng, Dong Cunhui, LI Xin, MA Mingguo
This dataset include soil moisture and soil temperature observations of 50 SoilNET Nodes during June 2012~March 2013 (UTC+8), which located in a MODIS pixel in the observation matrix of the HiWATER artificial oasis eco-hydrology experimental area, and aim to capture the spatial-temporal variance at the ~100 m scale. Each SoilNET node observe the soil moisture and soil temperature at 4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 40 cm depth using the SPADE sensor with 10 minutes interval. This dataset can be used in the estimation of surface hydrothermal variables and their validation, eco-hydrological research, irrigation management and so on. The detail description please refers to "SoilNET_data_document.docx".
WANG Xufeng, KANG Jian, Li Dazhi, Wang Zuocheng, Dong Cunhui, LI Xin, MA Mingguo
The first dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometer (PLMR) mission was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe on 28-29 June, 7, 10, 26 July, 2 August, 2012 (UTC+8). The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometer (PLMR) mission was obtained in the Linze Inland River Basin Comprehensive Research Station on 3 July, 2012. PLMR is a dual-polarization (H/V) airborne microwave radiometer with a frequency of 1.413 GHz, which can provide multi-angular observations with 6 beams at ±7º, ±21.5º and ±38.5º. The PLMR spatial resolution (beam spot size) is approximately 0.3 times the altitude, and the swath width is about twice the altitude. The measurements were conducted in the southwest part of the Zhangye Oasis, which included two sampling plots. One was located in Gobi desert with an area of 1 km × 1 km. Due to its homogeneous landscape, around 10 points were sampled to acquire the situation of soil water content. The other sampling plot was designed in farmlands with a dominant plant type of maize. Ground measurements took place along 16 transects, which were arranged parallelly with an interval of 160 m between each other in the east-west direction. In each 2.4 km long transect, soil moisture was sampled at every 80 m in the north-south direction. Steven Hydro probes were used to collect soil moisture and other measurements. For each sampling point in farmland, two measurements were acquired within an area of 1 m2, with one for the soil covered by plastic film (point name was tagged as LXPXXA) and the other for exposed soil (point name was tagged as LXPXXB). The field campaign started from 11:00 AM, but stopped at 4:00 PM on 28 June because of rain. The rest of measurements were completed from 10:30 AM to 5:30 PM on 29 June. Concurrently with soil moisture sampling, vegetation properties were measured at around 10 locations within the farmland sampling plot. Observation items included: Soil parameters: volumetric soil moisture (inherently converted from measured soil dielectric constant), soil temperature, soil dielectric constant, soil electric conductivity. Vegetation parameters: biomass, vegetation water content, canopy height. Data and data format: This dataset includes two parts of measurements, i.e. soil and vegetation parameters. The former is as shapefile, with measured items stored in its attribute table. The measured vegetation parameters are recorded in an Excel file.
WANG Shuguo, LI Xin
This data was measured in middle stream of the Heihe River Basin in year 2012. Soil texture, porosity, bulk density, saturated water conductivity, soil organic matter were measured for each layer of the soil profile which is very close to the AMS sites. This data can be used in land surface model and ecological model. Soil profile position: The coordinate of the profile is listed as follow. No.1 to No.17 is corresponding to the AMS number in the Matrix. No. x y 1 100.3582 38.89322 2 100.3541 38.88697 3 100.3763 38.89057 5 100.3506 38.87577 6 100.3597 38.8712 7 100.3652 38.87677 8 100.3765 38.87255 9 100.3855 38.87241 10 100.3957 38.87569 11 100.342 38.86994 12 100.3663 38.86516 13 100.3785 38.86077 14 100.3531 38.85869 16 100.3641 38.8493 17 100.3697 38.84512 15 (superstation) 100.3721 38.85547 Gebi 100.3058 38.91801 Huazhaizi 100.3189 38.7652 Shenshawo 100.4926 38.78794 Instruments: Soil texture: Microtrac laser particle analyzer Porosity: Ring sampler law Bulk density: Ring sampler law Saturated Water Conductivity: hydrostatic head method Soil organic matter: Total organic carbon analyzer (TOC-VCPH) Measuring time: 2012-5-20 to 2012-7-10 (UTC+8). Measuring content: Soil texture, porosity, bulk density, saturated water conductivity, soil organic matter.
MA Mingguo, WANG Xufeng, WANG Haibo, YU Wenping
This dataset includes soil moisture and soil temperature observations of 75 BNUNET nodes during the period from May to September 2012 (UTC+8), which is one type of WSN nodes in the Heihe eco-hydrological wireless sensor network (WSN). The BNUNET located in the observation matrix of the HiWATER artificial oasis eco-hydrology experimental area. Each BNUNET node observes the soil temperature at 4 cm, 10 cm and 20 cm depth, and soil moisture at 4 cm depth with 10 minutes interval. This dataset can be used in the estimation of surface hydrothermal variables and their validation, eco-hydrological research, irrigation management and so on. The detail description please refers to "Data introduction.docx".
Liu Jun, KOU Xiaokang, MA Mingguo
The soil texture dataset of the Heihe River Basin (2011) is compiled by LIU Chao et al. (2011) by using the SOLIM model. Based on the famous Jenny equation of soil science, and according to the environmental factors such as climate, biology, topography and parent material, knowledge mining and fuzzy logic are combined on the basis of existing soil texture maps and soil profiles in Heihe River Basin. It is produced and integrated with thematic maps of glaciers and lakes. According to the different characteristics of the six ecological zones in Heihe River Basin, different mapping methods are used in the upper, middle and lower reaches. According to the different characteristics of six ecological zones in Heihe River Basin, different mapping methods are used in the upper, middle and lower reaches. The data is in grid format with 1KM spatial resolution and WGS-84 projection. Soil texture attributes and categories represent 0-30 cm topsoil texture attributes, derived from depth-weighted averages. The texname in the attribute table indicates the soil texture type name. Sandrange, siltrange, and clayrange respectively represent the sand, powder, and clay content ranges in the USDA soil triangle. Sandaverage, siltaverage and clayaverage are taken from the measured soil profiles, the average content of sand, silt and clay particles as the sand, silt and clay content of the soil type. (Note: The soil particle content of clay loam is derived from the soil quality map of Beijing Normal University). The soil texture classification standard is USDA, the sand grain size is defined as (2~0.05mm), the silt particle size is (0.05~0.002mm) and the clay size is defined as (<0.002mm).
LIU Chao
The dataset of automatic meteorological observations was obtained from Jun. 1, 2008 to Dec. 31, 2009 at the Huazhaizi desert station which is located in Anyangtan (E100°19'06.9″/N38°45'54.7″), south of Zhangye city, Gansu province,. The experimental area, situated in the middle stream of Heihe river, with a flat and open terrain and sparse vegetation cover is an ideal desert observing field. Observation items included the multi-layer (2m and 10m) wind speed and direction, the air temperature, precipitation, the four components of radiation, the surface infrared temperature, the multi-layer soil temperature (5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm and 160cm), soil moisture (5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm and 160cm) and soil heat flux (5cm & 10cm). The raw data were level0 and the data after basic processes were level1; the data after strict quality control were defined as Level2. The data files were named as follows: station+datalevel+AMS+datadate.. As for detailed information, please refer to “Meteorological and Hydrological Flux Data Guide".
LI Xin, XU Ziwei
The dataset of soil moisture observations was obtained by the cutting ring (50cm^3) and ML2X Soil Moisture Tachometer in the Linze station foci experimental area. Surface soil (0-5cm) was measured 2-3 times in 40 subplots of the west-east desert strip on May 24, 25, 28, Jun. 27 and Jul. 11, 2008, 2-4 times in 9 subplots of north-south strip on May 24, 25, 28, Jun. 27 and Jul. 11, 17 times from P1 to P6 strips on Jul. 4 and 8, nine times along LY06 strip on Jun. 6, 15, 29 and Jul. 11, LY07 strip on May 30, Jun. 6, 10, 15, 29 and Jul. 11 and LY08 strip on May 30, Jun. 6 and 10, and once by the cutting ring and three times by ML2X Soil Moisture Tachometer in Wulidun farmland quadrates on May 24, 25, 28, Jun. 29 and Jul. 11. Data were archived as Excel files. See the metadata record “WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the Linze station foci experimental area” for more information of the quadrate locations.
SONG Yi, BAI Yanfen, DING Songchuang, GAO Song, HAO Xiaohua, PAN Xiaoduo, Qian Jinbo, SHU Lele, SONG Yi, WANG Yang, XU Zhen, YAN Qiaodi, ZHU Shijie, DONG Jian, YU Yingjie, JIANG Hao, LI Shihua
The dataset of automatic meteorological observations was obtained at the Dadongshu mountain snow observation station (E100°14′/N38°01′, 4101m) from Oct. 29, 2007 to Oct. 1, 2009. The experimental area with a flat and open terrain was slightly sloping from southeast to northwest. With alpine meadow and stones, and snow in autumn, winter and spring, the landscape was ideal. Observation items were multilayer (2m and 10m) of the wind speed, the air temperature and air humidity, the air pressure, rain and snow gauges, snow depth, four components of radiation, the multilayer soil temperature (5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, and 120cm), soil moisture (5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, and 120cm), and soil heat flux (5cm & 15cm). The raw data were level0 and the data after basic processes were level1, in which ambiguous ones were marked; the data after strict quality control were defined as Level2. The data files were named as follows: station+datalevel+AMS+datadate. Level2 or above were strongly recommended to domestic users. As for detailed information, please refer to Meteorological and Hydrological Flux Data Guide.
WANG Jian, CHE Tao, LI Hongyi, HAO Xiaohua
The dataset of the survey at the sampling plots in the transit zone between oasis and desert was obtained in the Linze station foci experimental area. Observation items included: (1) soil moisture and temperature of the soil profiles (0-10cm, 10-20cm, 20-30cm and 30-40cm) measured by the cutting ring method (50cm^3, once each layer) and the probe thermometer (15cm, twice each layer) on May 25, 2008. Data were archived as Excel files. (2) biomass (green weight and dry weight, samples from 0.5m×0.5m) with photos measured by the plant harvesting in LY07 quadrate on Jun. 22, 2008. Data were archived as Excel files. (3) vegetation coverage measured by the diagonal method on Jun. 22, 2008. By estimating the coverage along the two diagonals, the total coverage of the plot can be developed. Data were archived as Excel files.
GAO Song, PAN Xiaoduo, Qian Jinbo, SONG Yi, WANG Yang, ZHU Shijie
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